Recombinant human FGF-9 protein

Summary

• High purity optimized human FGF-9 protein (Uniprot: P31371)
• 23 kDa (monomer)
• >98%, by SDS-PAGE quantitative densitometry
• Expressed in E. coli
• Animal origin-free (AOF) and carrier protein-free
• Manufactured in Qkine's Cambridge, UK laboratories
• Lyophilized from HEPES, NaCl
• Resuspend in sterile-filtered water at >50 µg/ml, add carrier protein if desired, prepare single use aliquots and store frozen at -20 °C (short-term) or -80 °C (long-term).

Featured applications

• Kidney organoid generation
• Chemically defined media

Quantitative luciferase assay with Qkine FGF-9 (Qk039, green) and alternative supplier FGF-9 (Supplier B, black). Cells were treated in triplicate with a serial dilution of FGF-9 for 3 hours. Firefly luciferase activity was measured and normalized to control Renilla luciferase activity.

Protein background

Part of thefibroblast growth factor(FGF) family, FGF-9 is a growth factor that has been implicated in many developmental processes, including in lung [1] and skeletal [2] development, sex determination [3], and neural patterning in the optic neuroepithelium [4]. Also known as glia-activating factor, FGF-9 also modulates the development and survival of neurons and glia and has been reported to play pro-survival roles (enhances cell proliferation, and alleviating cell death) in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s Disease and Alzheimer’s disease [5]. FGF-9 protein is commonly used in the generation of kidneyorganoids[6].

FGF-9 protein binds and activates the ‘c’ splice isoform of FGF receptor 1–3 [7], and can activate a number of signalling pathways, such as ERK, STAT, PI3K and MAP kinase pathways.

Background references

1. Yin, Y., Wang, F. & Ornitz, D. M. Mesothelial- and epithelial-derived FGF9 have distinct functions in the regulation of lung development. Development 138, 3169–3177 (2011).doi: 10.1242/dev.065110
2. Hung, I. H., Schoenwolf, G. C., Lewandoski, M. & Ornitz, D. M. A combined series of Fgf9 and Fgf18 mutant alleles identifies unique and redundant roles in skeletal development. Dev Biol 411, 72–84 (2016).doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.01.008
3. Schmahl, J., Kim, Y., Colvin, J. S., Ornitz, D. M. & Capel, B. Fgf9 induces proliferation and nuclear localization of FGFR2 in Sertoli precursors during male sex determination. Development 131, 3627–3636 (2004).doi: 10.1242/dev.01239
4. Zhao, S. et al. Patterning the optic neuroepithelium by FGF signaling and Ras activation. Development 128, 5051–5060 (2001).doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.24.5051
5. Yusuf, I. O. et al. Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 Suppresses Striatal Cell Death Dominantly Through ERK Signaling in Huntington’s Disease. Cell Physiol Biochem 48, 605–617 (2018).doi: 10.1159/000491889
6. Morizane, R. & Bonventre, J. V. Kidney Organoids: A Translational Journey. Trends in Molecular Medicine 23, 246–263 (2017).doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.01.001
7. Liu, Y. et al. Regulation of Receptor Binding Specificity of FGF9 by an Autoinhibitory Homodimerization. Structure 25, 1325-1336.e3 (2017).doi: 10.1016/j.str.2017.06.016