Stemolecule™ CHIR99021

The aminopyrimidine CHIR99021 is the most selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β) reported to date^1,2. Unlike other potent inhibitors of GSK-3, CHIR99201 does not exhibit cross-reactivity against cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and shows a 350-fold selectivity toward GSK-3β compared to CDKs³. Along with the elimination of differentiation-inducing signaling from mitogen-activated protein kinases, using CHIR99021 to block the activity of GSK-3β enables the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells⁴.

Specifications

Product Name: Stemolecule CHIR99021

Catalog Number: 04-0004

Size

• 2 mg (Cat. No. 04-0004)
• 10 mg (Cat. No. 04-0004-10)
• 2 mg in 10 mM DMSO solution (Cat. No. 04-0004-02)

Alternate Name(s): 6-[[2-[[4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2 pyrimidinyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-3-pyridinecarbonitrile

Chemical Formula: C₂₂H₁₈Cl₂N₈

Molecular Weight: 465.34

CAS Number: 252917-06-9

Purity: Greater than 95 % by HPLC analysis

Formulation: Off-white solid

Solubility: Reconstitute in DMSO to the desired concentration. For reconstitution instructions please reference product specifications sheet.

Storage and Stability: Store powder at 4 °C protected from light. Information about the stability of Stemolecules in solution is largely not available. As a general guideline, we recommend that stock solution be freshly made and stored in aliquots at −20 °C. The effect of storage of stock solutions should be verified for each application.

Quality Control: The purity of CHIR99021 was determined by HPLC analysis. The accurate mass was determined by mass spectrometry. Cellular toxicity of CHIR99021 was tested on mouse embryonic stem cells.

Documents

Specification Sheets:

• 04-0004 Specifications Sheet
• 04-0004-10 Specifications Sheet
• 04-0004-02 Specifications Sheet

Safety Data Sheets:

• 04-0004 and 04-0004-10 Safety Data Sheet
• 04-0004-02 Safety Data Sheet

References

1. Sato, N., Meijer, L., Skaltsounis, L., Greengard, P., and Brivanlou, A.H. Maintenance of pluripotency in human and mouse embryonic stem cells through activation of Wnt signaling by a pharmacological GSK-3-specific inhibitor. Nat Med 10: 55-63 (2004).
2. Besser, D. (2004) Expression of nodal, lefty-a, and lefty-B in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells requires activation of Smad 2/3. J Biol Chem 279: 45076-45084 (2004).
3. Ying, Q.L., Wray, J., Nichols, J., Batlle-Morera, L., Doble, B., Woodgett, J., Cohen, P., and Smith, A. The ground state of embryonic stem cell self renewal. Nature 453: 519-523 (2008).
4. Polychronopoulos, P., Magiatis, P., Skaltsounis, A.L., Myrianthopoulos, V., Mikros, E., Tarricone, A., Musacchio, A., Roe, S.M., Pearl, L., Leost, M., Greengard, P., and Meijer, L. Structural basis for the synthesis of indirubins as potent and selective inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and cyclin-dependent kinases. J Med Chem 47: 935-946 (2004).

Additional Publications

• Yoo J; La Y; Lee EJ; Choi J-J; Oh J; Thang NX; Hong K. ATP-Dependent chromatin remodeler CHD9 controls the proliferation of embryonic stem cells in a cell culture condition-dependent manner. Biology 9:428 (2020).
• Liang AS; Pagano JE; Chrzan CA; McKinnon RD. Suicide transport blockade of motor neuron survival generates a focal graded injury and functional deficit. Neural Regen Res 16:1281-1287 (2021).
• Ben-Reuven L; Reiner O. Toward Spatial Identities in Human Brain Organoids-on-Chip Induced by Morphogen-Soaked Beads. Bioengineering 7:164 (2020).
• Pereiro X; Miltner AM; La Torre A; Vecino E. Effects of Adult Müller Cells and Their Conditioned Media on the Survival of Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells. Cells 9:1759 (2020).
• Shi G. Ddx56 maintains proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells via ribosome assembly and interaction with the Oct4/Sox2 complex. Stem Cell Res Therap 301:314 (2020).
• Wang S-H; Wang X-P. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line (THSJTUi001-A) from a Wilson's disease patient harboring a homozygous Arg778Leu mutation in ATP7B gene. Stem Cell Res 49:102050 (2020).
• Wang T; Li J; Xiao Y; Fu B; Wang P; Bai X; Cai G; Chen X; Li Q. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell PLAFMCi002-A derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of polycystic kidney disease patient with PKD1 mutation. Stem Cell Res 49:102039 (2020).
• Park M; Kwon J; Shin H-J; Moon SM; Kim SB; Shin US; Han Y-H; Kim Y. Butyrate enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy via FOXO3A in colorectal cancer patient‑derived organoids. Int J Oncol 57:1307-1318 (2020).
• Fernandes HJR; Patikas M; Foskolou S; Field SF; Park J-E; Myrne ML; Bassett AR; Metzakopian E. Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Parkinson’s Disease Human In Vitro Models Reveals Dopamine Neuron-Specific Stress Responses. Cell Reports 33:108263 (2020).
• Kim M; Hwang S-U; Yoon JD; Jeong YW; Kim E; Hyun S-H. Optimized Approaches for the Induction of Putative Canine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Old Fibroblasts Using Synthetic RNAs. Animals 10:1848 (2020).
• Branca MA; Dias TP Cotovio JP; Rodrigues CAV; Fernandes TG; Cabra; JMS; Diogo MM. 3D Microwell Platform for Cardiomyocyte Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol doi.org/10.1007/7651_2020_336: (2020).
• Habekost M; Jørgensen AL; Qvist P; Denham M. MicroRNAs and Ascl1 facilitate direct conversion of porcine fibroblasts into induced neurons. Stem Cell Res 48:101984 (2020).
• von Troyer M. Establishment of an alginate based 3D culture system for the generation of dopaminergic neurons. Masters Thesis, Univ Innsbruck : (2020).
• Kase Y; Okano H. Expression of ACE2 and a viral virulence-regulating factor CCN family member 1 in human iPSC-derived neural cells: implications for COVID-19-related CNS disorders. Inflammat Regen 40:32 (2020).
• Dignum T; Vamum-Finney B; Dozono S; Hadland B. Generation of AGM-derived Akt-EC (AGM-EC). Research Square :doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.pex-986/v1 (2020).
• Sato T; Higashioka K; Kakurai H; Yamamoto T; Goshima N; Ueno M; Sotozono C. Core Transcription Factors Promote Induction of PAX3-Positive Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rep 13:352-365 (2019).
• Narcisi R; Koevoet WJLM; van Osch GJVM. Expansion and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis 2221:15-28 (2020).
• Shan H; Ye J; Zhuang T; TIanRui H; HaiPing X; ShengSheng Z; XinYue H; HanYu L; Lun W; ShuYang Z. Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line PUMCHi004-A from a hereditary transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patient with transthyretin (TTR) p.Asp38Asn mutation. Stem Cell Res :102022 (2020).
• Shen H; Ye J; Ping XH; Yue HX; Yang ZS. Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a patient with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis carrying transthyretin (TTR) mutation p.Phe53Val. Stem Cell Res https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2020.101940: (2020).
• Hiller BM; Marmion DJ; Gross RM; Thomson CA; Chavez CA; Brundin P; Wakeman DR; McMahon CW; Kordower JH. Mitomycin-C treatment during differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopamine neurons reduces proliferation without compromising survival or function in vivo. Stem Cells Translational Medicine :DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0014 (2020).
• Chen M; Miamaitili M; Habekost M; Gill KP; Mermet-Joret N; Nabavi S; Febbbraro F; Denham M. Rapid generation of regionally specified CNS neurons by sequential patterning and conversion of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res :https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2020.101945 (2020).
• Li CH; Coffey EL; Dall'Agnese A; Hannett NM; Tang X; Henninger JE; Platt JM; Oksuz O; Zamudio AV; Afeyan LK; Schuijers J; Liu XS; Markoulaki S; Lungjangwa T; LeRoy G; Svoboda DS; Wogram E; Lee TI; Jaenisch R; Young RA. MeCP2 links heterochromatin condensates and neurodevelopmental disease. Nature :doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2574-4 (2020).
• Scott A; Olack B; Rouch JD; Khalil HA; Kokubun BA; Lei NY; Wang J; Solorzano S; Lewis M; Dunn JCY; Stelzner MG; Niland JC; Martin MG. Comparison of Surgical and Cadaveric Intestine as a Source of Crypt Culture in Humans. Cell Transplantation 29:1-29 (2020).
• Gao X; Li T; Cahan P; Zhao Y; Yourick JJ; Sprando RL. Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells using small molecules: implications of a transcriptomic study. Stem Cell Res Therap 11:393 (2020).
• Kidwai F; Mui BWH; Arora D; Iqbal K; Hockaday M; Fernandez de Castro Diaz L; Cherman N; Martin D; Myneni VD; Ahmad M; Futrega K; Ali S; Merling RK; Karfman DS; Lee J; Roberry PG. Lineage-specific differentiation of osteogenic progenitors from pluripotent stem cells reveals the FGF1-RUNX2 association in neural crest-derived osteoprogenitors. Stem Cells :doi.org/10.1002/stem.3206 (2020).
• Zaborski Silva IZ; Waloski Robert A; Cabrera Cabo G; SPangenberg L; Stimamiglio MA; Dallagiovanna B; Gradia DF; Shigunov P. Effects of PUMILIO1 and PUMILIO2 knockdown on cardiomyogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells culture. PLoS ONE 15:e0222373 (2020).
• Long P; Liu Z; Wu B; Chen J; Sun C; Wang F; Huang Y; Chen H; Li Q; Ma Y. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from chorionic villi of a Patau syndrome spontaneous abortion. Stem Cell Res 45:101789 (2020).
• Ambrosini YM; Park Y; Jergens AE; Shin W; Min S; Atherly T; Borcherding DC; Jang J; Allenspach K; Mochel JP; Kim HJ. Recapitulation of the accessible interface of biopsy-derived canine intestinal organoids to study epithelial-luminal interactions. PLoS ONE 15:e231423 (2020).
• Liu Y; Cheng J; Siejka-Zelińska P; Weldon C; Roberts H; Lopopolo M; Magri A; D'Arienzo V; Harris JM; McKeating JA; Song C-X. Accurate targeted long-read DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation sequencing with TAPS. Genome Biol 21:54 (2020).
• Altay G; Batlle E; Fernàndez-Majada V; Martinez E. In vitro self-organized mouse small intestinal epithelial monolayer protocol. Bio-protocol 10:e2514 (2020).
• Ahfeldt T; Ordureau A; Bell C; Sarrafha L; Sun C; Piccinotti S; Crass T; Parfitt GM; Paulo JA; Yanagawa J; Uozumi T; Kiyota Y; Harper JW' Rubin LL. Pathogenic Pathways in Early-Onset Autosomal Recessive Parkinson's Disease Discovered Using Isogenic Human Dopaminergic Neurons. Stem Cell Rep in press:doi.org/10.1016/j.scemcr.2019.12.005 (2020).
• Chen D; Sun N; Hou L; Kim R; Faith J; Aslanyan M; Tao Y; Zheng Y; Fu J; Liu W; Kellis M; Clark A. Human Primordial Germ Cells Are Specified from Lineage-Primed Progenitors. Cell Rep 29:4568-4582.e5 (2019).
• Iannielli A; Ugonlini GS; Cordiglieri C; Bido S; Rubio A; Colasante G; Valtorta M; Cabassi T; Rasponi M; Broccoli V. Reconstitution of the Human Nigro-striatal Pathway on-a-Chip Reveals OPA1-Dependent Mitochondrial Defects and Loss of Dopaminergic Synapses. Cell Rep 29:4646-4656.e4 (2019).
• Fujumichi Y; Otsuka K; Tomita M; Iwasaki T. An Efficient Intestinal Organoid System of Direct Sorting to Evaluate Stem Cell Competition in Vitro. Sci Rep 9:20297 (2019).
• Mahajani S; Raina A; Fokken C; Kügler S; Bähr M. Homogenous generation of dopaminergic neurons from multiple hiPSC lines by transient expression of transcription factors. Cell Death Disease 10:898 (2019).
• Vahdat S; Pahlavan S' Mahmoudi E; Barekat M; Ansari H; Bakhshandeh B; Aghdami N; Baharvand H. Expansion of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Early Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells by a Cocktail of Signaling Factors. Sci Rep 9:16006 (2019).
• Saraiva JE. Population-Level Dynamics of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Fate Transitions. Universidade de Lisboa Ph.D. Thesis: (2019).
• Gantner CWB. Investigating Brain Repair and Development Using Stem Cells. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Melbourne : (2019).
• Koutmani Y; Gampierakis IA; Polissidis A; Ximerakis M: Koutsoudaki PN; Polyzos A; Agrogiannis G; Karaliota S; Thomaidou D; Rubin LL; Politis PK; Karakis KP. CRH Promotes the Neurogenic Activity of Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Hippocampus. Stem Cell Rep 28:932-945.e7 (2019).
• Leitner D; Ramamoorthy M; Dejosez M; Zwaka TP. Immature mDA Neurons Ameliorate Motor Deficits in a 6-OHDA Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model and are Functional after Cryopreservation. Stem Cell Res in press:doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2019.101617 (2019).
• Atmanli A; Hu D; Deiman FE; van de Vrugt AM; Black III LD; Domian IJ. Multiplex Live Single-Cell Transcriptional Analysis Demarcates Cellular Functional Heterogeneity. eLIFE 8:e49599 (2019).
• Komura S; Ito K; Ohta S; Ukai T; Kabatga M; Itakura F; Semi K; Matsuda Y; Hashimoto K; Shibatga H; Sone M; Jo N; Sekiguchi K; Ohno T; Akiyama H; Shimizu K ;Woltjen K; Ozawa M; Toguchida J; Yamamoto T: Yamada Y. Cell-type dependent enhancer binding of the EWS/ATF1 fusion gene in clear cell sarcomas. Nature Commun 10:3999 (2019).
• Leibel SL; Winquist A; Tseu I; Wang J; Luo D; Shojaie S; Nathan N; Snyder E; Post M. Reversal of Surfactant Protein B Deficiency in Patient Specific Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Lung Organoids by Gene Therapy. Sci Rep 9:13450 (2019).
• LeRoy G; Oksuz O; Descostes D; Aoi Y; Ganai RA; Ortabozkoyun Kara H; Yu R-R; Lee C-H; Stafford J; Shilatifard A; Reinberg D. LEDGF and HDGF2 relieve the nucleosome-induced barrier to transcription in differentiated cells. Sci Advances 5:eaay3068 (2019).
• Durens M; Nestor J; Herold K Niescier RF; Lunden FW; Phillips AW; Lin Y-C; Nestor MW. High-content interrogation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical organoid platforms. bioRxiv http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/697623. : (2019).
• Peng L; Zhou Y; Xu W; Jiang M; Li H; Long M; Liu W; Liu J; Zhao X; Xiao Y. Generation of Stable Induced Pluripotent Stem-like Cells from Adult Zebra Fish Fibroblasts. Int J Biol Sci 15:2340 (2019).
• Li J-J; Lin X; Tang C; Lu Y-Q; Hu X; Zuo E; Li H; Ying W; Sun Y; Lai L-L; Chen H-Z; Guo X0X; Zhang Q-J; Wu S; Zhou C; Shen X; Wang Q: Lin T-T; Ma L-X; Wang N; Krainer AR; Shi L Yang H; Chen W-J. Disruption of splicing-regulatory elements using CRISPR/Cas9 rescues spinal muscular atrophy in human iPSCs and mice. National Sci Rev in press:nwz131 (2019).
• Mori S; Sakakura E; Tsunekawa Y; Hagiwara M; Suzuki T; Eiraku M. Self-organized formation of developing appendages from murine pluripotent stem cells. Nature Commun 10:3802 (2019).
• Lee K; Cho H; Rickert RW; Li QV; Pulecia J; Leslie CS; Huangfu D. FOXA2 Is Required for Enhancer Priming during Pancreatic Differentiation. Cell Reports 28:382-393 (2019).
• Markouli C; Couvreu De Deckersberg E; Regin M; Nguyen HT; Zambelli F; Keller A; Dziedzicka D; De Kock J; Tilleman L; Van Niewerburgh F; Franceschini L; Sermon K; Geens M; Spits C. Gain of 20q11.21 in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Impairs TGF-b-Dependent Neuroectodermal Commitment. Stem Cell Rep in Press:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.05.005 (2019).
• Sharon N; Vanderhooft J; Straubhaar J; Mueller J; Chawla R; Zhou Q; Engquist EN; Trapnell C; Gifford GK; Melton DA. Wnt Signaling Separates the Progenitor and Endocrine Compartments during Pancreas Development. Stem Cell Reports 8:2281.e5 (2019).
• Kuroda T; Yasuda S; Tachi S; Matsuyama S; Kusakawa S; Tano K; Miura T; Matsuyama A; Soto Y. SALL3 expression balance underlies lineage biases in human induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation. Nature Commun 10:2175 (2019).
• Sattler K; El-Battrawy I; Zhao Z; Schrottenberg C; Yücel G; Lan H; Li X; Lang S; Zimmermann W-H; Cyganek L Utikal J; Wieland T; Ravens R; Bieback K; Borggrefe M; Zhou X; Akin I. Serum of patients with acute myocardial infarction prevents inflammation in iPSC-cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 9:5651 (2019).
• Rajderkar S; Mann JM; Panaretos C; Yumoto K; Li H-D; Mishina T; Ralston B; Kaartinen V. Trim33 is required for appropriate development of pre-cardiogenic mesoderm. Develop Biol In press:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.03.018 (2019).
• Rosado-Oliveieri EA; Anderson K; Kenty JH; Melton DA. YAP inhibition enhances the differentiation of functional stem cell-derived insulin-producing β cells. Nature Commun 10:1464 (2019).
• Zhang Y; Zhang Y; Li M; Mend F; Yu Z; Chen Y; Cui G. Combination of SB431542, CHIR99021 and PD0325901 has a synergic effect on abrogating valproic acid‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and stemness in HeLa, 5637 and SCC‑15 cells. Oncol Rep In Press:https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7088 (2019).
• Sugiyama H; Takahashi K; Yamamoto T; Iwasaki M; Narita M; Nakamura M; Rand TA; Nakagawa M; Watanabe A; Yamanaka S. Nat1 promotes translation of specific proteins that induce differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114:340 (2017).
• Igarashi M; Miura M; Williams E; Jaksch F; Kadowaki T; Yamauchi T; Guarente L. NAD+ supplementation rejuvenates aged gut adult stem cells. Aging Cell 2019:e12935 (2019).
• Hosaka C; Kunisada M; Koyanagi-Aoi M; Tasaki T; Takemori C; Taneguchi-Ikeda M; Aoi T; Nishigori C. Induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived melanocyte precursor cells undergoing differentiation into melanocytes. Pigment Cell Melanoma doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12779: (2019).
• Schlick SF. Fibroblast-Cardiomyocyte Cross-Talk in Heart Muscle Formation and Function. Ph.D. Thesis, Georg-August University Göttingen :   (2018).
• Saldaña-Meyer R; Rodriguez-Hemaez J; Nishana M; Jácome-López K; Nora EP; Bruneau BG; Furlan-Magaril M; Skok J; Reinberg D. RNA interactions with CTCF are essential for its proper function. bioRxiv :http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/530014.  (2019).
• Dai S-B; Shen T; Zheng T-T; Pu J-L; Chen X-Z. Plasmid-based generation of neural cells from human fibroblasts using non-integrating episomal vectors. Neural Regen Res 14:510-505 (2019).
• Winston TS; Suddhapas K; Wang C; Ramos R; Soman P; Ma Z. Serum-Free Manufacturing of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Tissue Rings Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int Article ID: 5654324:11 pages (2019).
• van Rhijn, J-R. The role of FOXP2 in striatal circuitry. Ph.D. Thesis, Radboud University Nijmegen : (2019).
• Adkar SS; Wu C-L; WIllard VP; Dicks A; Ettyreddy A; Steward N; Bhutani N; Gersbach CA; Guilak F. Step‐Wise Chondrogenesis of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Purification Via a Reporter Allele Generated by CRISPR‐Cas9 Genome Editing. Stem Cells 37:65-76 (2019).
• Coley LW. The Genetic and Epigenetic Effects of Pre-Treatment with the Small Molecule Inhibitors CHIR99021, PD0325901, and NuP0178 on Bovine Fetal Fibroblast Cells. Ph.D. Thesis, Louisiana State University : (2019).
• Scavuzzo MA; Chmielowiec J; Yang D; Wamble K; Chaboub LS; Duraine L; Tepe B; Glasgow SM; Arenkiel BR; Brou C; Deneen B; Borowiak M; . Pancreatic Cell Fate Determination Relies on Notch Ligand Trafficking by NFIA. Cell Reports 25:3811-3827.e7 (2018).
• Chen D; Liu W: Zimmerman J; Pastor WA; Kim R;  Hosohama L; Ho J; Aslanyan M; Gell JJ; Jacobsen SE; Clark AT. The TFAP2C-Regulated OCT4 Naive Enhancer Is Involved in Human Germline Formation. Cell Reports 25:3591-3602.e5 (2018).
• Zhang K; Zhang Y;l Gu L; Lan M; Liu C; Wang M; Su Y; Ge M; Wang T; Yu Y; Liu C; LI L; LI Q; Zhao Y; Yu Z; Wang F; Li N; Meng Q. Islr regulates canonical Wnt signaling-mediated skeletal muscle regeneration by stabilizing Dishevelled-2 and preventing autophagy. Nature Commun 9:5129 (2018).
• Teng F; Cui T; Feng G; Guo L; Xu K; Gao Q; Li T; Li J; Zhou Q; Li W. Repurposing CRISPR-Cas12b for mammalian genome engineering. Cell Discovery 4:63 (2018).
• Kilander MB; Wang C-H; Chang C-H; Nestor JE; Herold K; Tsai J-W; Nestor MW; Lin Y-C. A rare human CEP290 variant disrupts the molecular integrity of the primary cilium and impairs Sonic Hedgehog machinery. Sci Rep 8:17335 (2018).
• Sun X; Song J; Huang H; Chen H; Qian K. Modeling hallmark pathology using motor neurons derived from the family and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient-specific iPS cells. Stem Cell Res Therapy 9:315 (2018).
• Javed AO; Li Y; Muffat J; Su K-C; Cohen MA; Lungjangwa T; Auborg P; Cheeseman IM; Jaenisch R. Microcephaly Modeling of Kinetochore Mutation Reveals a Brain-Specific Phenotype. Cell Rep 25:368-382.e5 (2018).
• Wang X; Sterr M; Burtscher I; CHen S; Hieronimus A; Machicao F; Staiger H; Haring H-U; Lederer G; Irmler M; Bechers J; de Angelis MH; Ray M; Wright CVE; Bakhti M; Lickert H. Genome-wide analysis of PDX1 target genes in human pancreatic progenitors. Mol Metab 9:57-68 (2018).
• Whitworth DJ; Limnios IJ; Gauthier M-E; Weeratunga P; Ovchinnikov DA; Baillie G; Grimmond SM; Graves JAM; Wolvetang EJ. Platypus Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: the Unique Pluripotency Signature of a Monotreme . BioRXiv 43306: (2018)
• Zaidan NZ; Walker KJ; Brown JE; Schaffer LV; Scalf M; Shortreed MR; Iyer G; Smith LM; Sridharan R. Compartmentailzaton of HP1 proteins in pluripotency acquisition and maintenance. Stem Cell Reports 10:627 (2018)
• Long C; Li H; Tiburcy M; Rodriguez-Cayedo C; Kyrychenko V; Zhou H; Zhang Y; Min Y-L; Shelton JM; Mammen PPA; Liaw NY; Zimmermann W-H; Bassel-Duby R; Schneider JW; Olson EN. Correction of diverse muscular dystrophy mutations in human engineered heart muscle by single-site genome editing. Science Advances 4:eaap9004 (2018)
• Memon B; Karam M; Al-Khawaga S; Abdelalim EM. Enhanced differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic progenitors co-expressing PDX1 and NKX6.1. Stem Cell Res Therap 9:15 (2018).
• Noack C; Haupt LP; Zimmerman W-H; Streckfuss-Bömeke; Zelarayan LC. Generation of a KLF15 homozygous knockout human embryonic stem cell line using paired CRISPR/Cas9n, and human cardiomyocytes derivation. Stem Cell Research 23:127-131 (2017).
• Koehler KR; Ine J; Longworth-Mills E; Liu X-P; Lee J; Holt JR; Hashino E. Generation of inner ear organoids with functional hair cells from pluripotent stem cells. Nat Biotechnol 35:583-589 (2017)
• Xia N; Zhang P; Fang F; Wang Z; Rothstein M; Agulo B; Chiang R; Taylor J; Reijo Pera RA. Transcriptional comparison of human induced and primary midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Scientific Reports 6:20270. doi:10.1038/srep20270 (2016).
• Han Y-C, Lim Y; Duffieldl MD; Liu J; Manaph NPA; Yang M; Keating DJ; Zhou X-F. Direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts to neural stem cells by small molecules. Stem Cells International 2016:4304916 (2016).
• Zhu S; Russ HA; Wang X; Zhang M; Ma T; Xu T; Tang S; Hebrok M; Deng S. Human pancreatic β-like cells converted from fibroblasts. Nature Commun 7:10080 (2016).
• Grow DA; Simmons DV; Gomez JA; Wanat MH; McCarrey JR; Paladini CA; Navara CS. Differentiation and characterization of dopaminergic neurons from baboon induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 5:1133-44 (2016).
• Titmarsh DM; Glass NR; Mills RJ; Hidalgo A; Volvetang EJ; Porrello ER; Hudson JE; Cooper-White JJ. Induction of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte proliferation revealed by combinatorial screening in high density microbioreactor arrays. Sci Rep 6:24637 (2016).
• Liu G. No detection of potential cancer risk for free-viral reprogrammed stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from adult mice fibroblasts. J Stem Cell Res Ther 5:286 (2015).
• Fonoudi H; Ansari H; Abbasalizadeh S; Laruani MR; Kiani S; Hashemizadeh S; Zarchi AS; Bosman A; Blue GM; Pahlavan S; Perry M; Orr Y; Mayorchak Y; Vandenberg J; Talkhabi M; Winlaw SD; Harvey RP; Aghdami N; Baharvand H. A universal and robust integrated platform for the scalable production of human cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Trans Med 4:1482 (2015).
• Yang J; Kaur K; Ong LL; Eisenberg CA; Eisenberg LM. Inhibition of G9a histone methyltransferase converts bbone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to cardiac competent progenitors. Stem Cells International Article 270428 (2015). doi:10.1155/2015/270428
• Ren J; Briones V; Barbour S; Yu W; Han Y; Tarashima M; Muegge K. The ATP binding site of the chromatin remodeling homolog LSH is required for nucleosome density and de novo DNA methylation at repeat sequences. Nucl Acids Res doi: 10.1093/nar/gku1371 (2015).
• Doi D; Samata B; Katsukawa M; Kikuchi T; Morizane A; Ono Y; Sekiguchi K; Nakagawa M; Parmar M; Takahashi J. Isolation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Progenitors by Cell Sorting for Successful Transplantation. Stem Cell Reports 2:337-350 (2014).
• DeRosa BA; Belle KC; Thomas BJ; Cukier HN; Pericak-Vance MA; Vance JM; Dykxhoom DM. hVGAT-mCherry: A novel molecular tool for analysis of GABAergic neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 68:244 (2015).
• Tan H-K; Toh C-XDl Ma D; Yang B; Liu TM; Lu J; Wong C-W; Tan T-K; Li H; SYn C; Tan E-L; Lim B; Lim Y-P; Cook SA; Loh Y-H. Human finger-prick induced pluripotent stem cells facilitate the development of stem cell banking. Stem Cells Trans Medicine 3:586 (2014).
• Ying, Q., Tai, C. Gbx2, a LIF/Stat3 target, promotes reprogramming to and retention of the pluripotent ground state. Journal of Cell Science 126: 1093 — 1098(2013).
• Youn H; Kim S-H; Choi KA; Kim S. Characterization of Oct4-GFP spermatogonial stem cell line and its applicationo in the reprogramming studies. J Cell Biochem 114:920 (2013).
• Li P; Chen L; Mak KK; Wong CK; Want CC; Yuan P. Functional Role of Mst1/Mst2 in Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation. PLoS One 8:e79867 (2013).
• Blauwkamp TA; Nigam S; Ardehali R; Weissman IL; Nusse R. Endogenous Wnt signalling in human embryonic stem cells generates an equilibrium of distinct lineage-specified progenitors. Nature Communications 3:1070 (2012).
• Lian, X., Hsiao, C., Wilson, G, Zhu, K., Hazeltine, L.B., Azarin, S.M., Raval, K.K., Zhang, J., Kamp, T.J., and Palecek, S.P. (2012) Robust cardiomyocyte differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells via temporal modulation of canonical Wnt signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109: E1848 (2012).
• Moraveji S-F; Attari F; Shahverdi A; Sepehri H; Farrokhi A; Hassani S; Fonoudi H; Aghdami N; Baharvand H. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 promotes efficient derivation of pluripotent stem cells from neonatal mouse testis. Human Reproduction 27:2312 (2012).
• Nishishita N; Shikamura M; Takenaka C; Takada N; Fusak N; Kawamata S. Generation of Virus-Free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Clones on a Synthetic Matrix via a Single Cell Subcloning in the Naïve State. PLoS One 7(6):e38389 (2012)
• Nagy, K., Sung, H-K., Zhang, P., Laflamme, S., Vincent, P, Agha-Mohammadi, S., Woltjen, K., Monetti, C., Michael, I. P., Smith, L. C., Nagy, A. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derive from Equine Fibroblasts. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 7:693 (2011).
• Wang, B., Miyagoe-Suzuki, Y., Yada, E., Ito, N., Nishiyama, T., Nakamura, M., Ono, Y., Motohashi, N., Segawa, M., Masuda, S., Takeda, S. Reprogramming Efficiency and Quality of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Generated from Muscle-derived Fibroblasts of MDX Mice at Different Ages. ;PLOS Currents Muscular Dystrophy 2011 Oct 27 . Edition 1. doi: 10.1371/currents.RRN1274 (2011).
• Mack, A., Kroboth, S., Rajesh, D., Wang, W. B. Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from CD34+ Cells across Blood Drawn from Multiple Donors with Non-Integrating Episomal Vectors. PLoS One 6(11): e27956(2011).
• Li, W., Zhou, H., Abujarour, R., Zhu, S., Young Joo, J., Lin, T., Hao, E., SchÃler, H.R., Hayek, A., Ding, S. Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells in the absence of exogenous Sox2. Stem Cells 27: 2992-3000 (2009).
• Chiang P-M; Wong PC. Differentiation of an embryonic stem cell to hemogenic endothelium by defined factors: Essential role of bone morphogenetic protein 4. Development 138: 2833-2843 (2011).